Normally this is in a relatively standard format known as a Bayer image, named after Bryce Bayer who pioneered the technique back in 1974 while working for Kodak. A raw image in this context is a direct capture of the pixels output from the image sensor, with no additional processing. This is where raw (sometimes RAW) files come in. For instance, you may want more or less de-noising, or you may feel that the colours are not being rendered quite right. However, there are some applications where a little more control over the production of that JPEG is desirable. When taking photos, most of us simply like to press the shutter button on our cameras and phones so that a viewable image is produced almost instantaneously, usually encoded in the well-known JPEG format.
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